大型载人航天器舱外试验支持技术Support Technology for Extravehicular Testings of Large Manned Spacecraft
李喆,罗文成,王蔡健,周涛
摘要(Abstract)：
为舱外试验提供支持和保障条件是大型载人航天器的重要任务，文章根据大型载人航天器舱外载荷的不同类型，提出了标准舱外载荷试验平台和大型舱外载荷试验平台总体设计方案，阐述了舱外载荷试验平台对试验项目的支持资源，明确了舱外载荷试验平台在轨应用流程，并介绍了舱外载荷试验平台的地面验证情况。最后，总结了大型载人航天器舱外试验支持技术的特点，对该技术的在轨应用和验证情况进行了说明，并对技术应用于在轨服务和在轨设施建造任务进行了展望。
关键词(KeyWords)： 大型载人航天器;舱外试验;支持;舱外载荷
基金项目(Foundation):
作者(Author): 李喆,罗文成,王蔡健,周涛
参考文献(References)：
- [1] 周建平.我国空间站工程总体构想[J].载人航天，2013,19(2):1-10.ZHOU Jianping.Chinese Space Station project overall vision[J].Manned Spaceflight,2013,19(2):1-10 (in Chinese).
- [2] 张柏楠.中国载人航天开启新征程[J].中国航天，2021(8):9-13.ZHANG Bainan.Starting a new journey for China’s Manned Space Program[J].Aerospace China,2021(8):9-13 (in Chinese).
- [3] 王翔，张峤，王为.中国空间站建设系统方案特点与展望[J].航天器工程，2022,31(6):26-39.WANG Xiang,ZHANG Qiao,WANG Wei.System characteristics and prospect of China’s Space Station[J].Spacecraft Engineering,2022,31(6):26-39 (in Chinese).
- [4] 王翔，王为.天宫空间站关键技术特点综述[J].中国科学：技术科学，2021,51(3):1-12.WANG Xiang,WANG Wei.Key technical characteristics of the Tiangong Space Station[J].Scientia Sinica Technologica,2021,51(3):1-12 (in Chinese).
- [5] 高铭，赵光恒，顾逸东.我国空间站的空间科学与应用任务[J].中国科学院院刊，2015,30(6):721-732.GAO Ming,ZHAO Guangheng,GU Yidong.Space science and application mission in China’s Space Station[J].Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2015,30(6):721-732 (in Chinese).
- [6] 苏怀朋，赵振昊，孙永进，等.载人空间站空间科学应用研究[J].宇航学报，2014,35(9):985-991.SU Huaipeng,ZHAO Zhenhao,SUN Yongjin,et al.Study on space science and technology of manned space station[J].Journal of Astronautics,2014,35(9):985-991 (in Chinese).
- [7] 吴汉基，蒋远大，张志远，等.“暴露”实验是空间科学实验研究的重要组成部分[C]// 中国空间科学学会空间探测专业委员会第二十一届学术会议论文集.北京：中国空间科学学会，2008:276-281.WU Hanji,JIANG Yuanda,ZHANG Zhiyuan,et al.Exposure experiment is important component of space science experimental research[C]// Proceedings of the 21st Academic Conference of the Space Exploration Professional Committee of the Chinese Society of Space Sciences.Beijing,Chinese Society of Space Science,2008:276-281 (in Chinese).
- [8] 李大明，饶炜，胡成威，等.空间站机械臂关键技术研究[J].载人航天，2014,20(3):238-242.LI Daming,RAO Wei,HU Chengwei,et al.Key technology review of the research on the space station manipulator[J].Manned Spaceflight,2014,20(3):238-242 (in Chinese).
- [9] 王友渔，胡成威，唐自新，等.我国空间站机械臂系统关键技术发展[J].航天器工程，2022,31(6):147-155.WANG Youyu,HU Chengwei,TANG Zixin,et al.Key technologies development of the space station manipulator system[J].Spacecraft Engineering,2022,31(6):147-155 (in Chinese).
- [10] 中国载人航天工程网.《天宫课堂》线上课程：载荷出舱任务开课啦[EB/OL].[2023-05-18].https://www.cmse.gov.cn/dmt/dhhsp/202306/t20230607_53811.html.China Manned Space Engineering Office.“Tiangong Classroom” online courses:Payload exit mission is in session[EB/OL].[2023-05-18].https://www.cmse.gov.cn/dmt/dhhsp/202306/t20230607_53811 (in Chinese).
- [11] 中国载人航天工程网.天宫TV“博士乘组”开工!空间辐射生物学装置出舱[EB/OL].[2023-06-15].https://www.cmse.gov.cn/dmt/tgtv/202307/t20230724_54107.html.China Manned Space Engineering Office.Tiangong TV,The doctoral team started construction! Exit of space radiation biology device[EB/OL].[2023-06-15].https://www.cmse.gov.cn/dmt/tgtv/202307/t20230724_54107.html (in Chinese).